almalinux 10 出來一段時間了

想說來升級一下

依照官方的步驟

https://wiki.almalinux.org/elevate/ELevating-CentOS7-to-AlmaLinux-10.html#upgrading-almalinux-9-to-almalinux-10

跑  leapp preupgrade 後

出現四個問題

Upgrade has been inhibited due to the following problems:

    1. Detected XFS filesystems incompatible with target kernel.

    2. Current x86-64 microarchitecture is unsupported in RHEL10

    3. Deprecated DHCP plugin configured

    4. Legacy network configuration found

解決方法

第4點

ifcfg-* files located in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/

檔案裡要加上

NM_CONTROLLED=yes

第3點

sed -i'.bak' 's/^dhcp=dhclient//g' /usr/lib/NetworkManager/conf.d/10-dhcp-dhclient.conf

第2點

rhel 10 cpu 硬体最低支援是 x86-64-v3

檢查 cpu 支援指令

/usr/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 --help

Subdirectories of glibc-hwcaps directories, in priority order:

  x86-64-v4

  x86-64-v3 (supported, searched)

  x86-64-v2 (supported, searched)

第1點

Title: Detected XFS filesystems incompatible with target kernel.

Summary: XFS v4 format has been deprecated and it has been removed from the target k

ernel. Such filesystems cannot be mounted by target system kernel and so the upgrade

 cannot proceed successfully. Following XFS filesystems have v4 format:

    - /

    - /home

Related links:

    - Backing up an XFS file system: https://red.ht/rhel-9-xfs-backup

    - Restoring an XFS file system from backup: https://red.ht/rhel-9-xfs-restore-fr

om-backup

Remediation: [hint] Migrate XFS v4 filesystems to new XFS v5 format. For filesystems

 hosting data, perform a back up, reformat, and restore procedure. Refer to official

 documentation for details. For filesystems hosting the system a clean installation

is recommended instead.

由於這台是centos 7 升上來的 所以 xfs 是 v4

如果要再升到almalinux 10 必須要升到 xfs v5

如何檢查 xfs是 v4 還是 v5

xfs_info /path/to/mountpoint | grep crc

If the output is crc=0, it's a v4 filesystem. If it's crc=1, you have a v5 filesystem.

無法直接升級 只能備分 mkfs.xfs 再匯回資料

 rsync -avxHAX --progress /data/ /mnt/backup/data_backup/

umount /data

mkfs.xfs /dev/vda1

mount -t xfs /dev/vda1 /data

rsync -avxHAX --progress  /mnt/backup/data_backup/ /data/

almalinux 10 几天前release

今天在proxmox (PVE) 上安裝時 用iso開几就出現 kernel panic

 

解決的方法就是cpu不要使用預設的 x86-64-v2-AES

也不要用  x86-64-v2

使用  x86-64-v3  或 x86-64-v4 就沒問題了

不過要注意的是 比較舊的host 可能無法支援這二個type 而無法 migrate

官方網站有提到

With RHEL 10, Red Hat will only support x86-64-v3 and higher

不過也有提到

AlmaLinux OS 10 has followed Red Hat’s decision to ship x86-64-v3 optimized binaries by default, but we will also provide an additional x86-64-v2 architecture, allowing users on that older hardware to continue to receive security updates for another 10 years.

所以如果一定要使用 x86-64-v2

就要下載另一個iso

https://mirrors.almalinux.org/isos/x86_64_v2/10.0.html

https://almalinux.org/blog/2025-05-27-welcoming-almalinux-10/

之前裝almalinux9時cpu都直接使用host

今天升級 almalinux 8 to 9 時 出現 cpu 的錯誤

原本使用 Default (kvm64)

訊息中指出cpu未使用 x86-64-v2 這個type

v2以上的type都可以

較舊的cpu 未支援 x86-64-v4 這個指令集

會導致 guest無法開几出現以下錯誤

此時就必須要往下降為 v3 或 v2 或直接改為 host

由於几器本來就是從centos 7 升到 almalinux 8 所以再升到9時有些流程要注意

升級過程中出現

Error: Transaction test error:

  file /usr/include/gnumake.h from install of make-1:4.3-8.el9.x86_64 conflicts with file from package make-devel-1:4.2.1-11.el8.x86_64

移除 make-devel

rpm -e make-devel-4.2.1-11.el8.x86_64

升級後使用vi時出現

vi /tmp/1

Error detected while processing /etc/virc:

line   40:

E319: Sorry, the command is not available in this version: let skip_defaults_vim=1

刪除 /etc/virc 裡的第40行

let skip_defaults_vim=1

有些几器升級後出現以下的log 有些正常

Jun 15 21:46:29 localhost rsyslogd[593]: imjournal: open() failed for path: '/var/lib/rsyslog/imjournal.state.tmp': Operation not permitted [v8.2310.0-4.el9 try https://www.rsyslog.com/e/2433 ]

比對 /etc/rsyslog.conf發現有不同

複制正常几器的檔案過去就ok了

記得如果原rsyslog.conf有更改 新檔也要改

看起來是之前有改過

所以升級時會保留舊的rsyslog.conf

https://wiki.almalinux.org/elevate/ELevating-CentOS7-to-AlmaLinux-9.html#migrate-centos-7-to-almalinux-8